King of Prussia from 1740 to 1786. Born at Berlin. Died at Potsdam.
Forced to watch his friend's execution
In 1730 the crown prince Frederick tried to flee to Britain with his friend Hans Hermann von Katte. His father had Katte beheaded at Küstrin and made Frederick watch. Frederick fainted, and the body was left overnight on a scaffold by his window.
The king who played the flute
Frederick the Great played the transverse flute and composed 121 sonatas and four concertos for it. His old flute teacher Johann Joachim Quantz joined the court in 1741 as composer and flute maker.