| 1085–1092 | Vratislaus II of Bohemia | Přemyslids |
| 1158–1172 | Vladislaus II of Bohemia | Přemyslids |
| 1198–1230 | Ottokar I of Bohemia | Přemyslids |
| 1230–1253 | Wenceslaus I of Bohemia | Přemyslids |
| 1253–1278 | Ottokar II of Bohemia | Přemyslids |
| 1278–1305 | Wenceslaus II of Bohemia | Přemyslids |
| 1305–1306 | Wenceslaus III of Bohemia | Přemyslids |
| 1306–1307 | Rudolf I of Bohemia | Habsburg |
| 1306–1310 | Henry of Bohemia | Přemyslids |
| 1310–1346 | John of Bohemia | Luxembourg |
| 1346–1378 | Charles IV | Luxembourg |
| 1378–1419 | Wenceslaus IV of Bohemia | Luxembourg |
| 1419–1437 | Sigismund | Luxembourg |
| 1438–1439 | Albert II of Germany | Habsburg |
| 1453–1457 | Ladislaus the Posthumous | Habsburg |
| 1471–1516 | Vladislaus II of Bohemia and Hungary | Jagiellon |
| 1478–1490 | Matthias Corvinus | Trastámara |
| 1516–1526 | Louis II, King of Hungary, Croatia and Bohemia | Jagiellon |
| 1526–1564 | Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor | Habsburg |
| 1564–1576 | Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor | Habsburg |
| 1576–1611 | Emperor Rudolf II | Habsburg |
| 1611–1619 | Matthias, Holy Roman Emperor | Habsburg |
| 1619–1620 | Frederick V of the Palatinate | Wittelsbach |
| 1619–1637 | Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor | Habsburg |
| 1637–1657 | Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor | Habsburg |
| 1657–1705 | Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor | Habsburg |
| 1705–1711 | Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor | Habsburg |
| 1711–1740 | Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor | Habsburg |
| 1740–1780 | Maria Theresa of Austria | Habsburg |
| 1780–1790 | Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor | Habsburg-Lorraine |
| 1790–1792 | Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor | Habsburg-Lorraine |
| 1792–1835 | Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor | Habsburg-Lorraine |
| 1835–1848 | Ferdinand I of Austria | Habsburg-Lorraine |
| 1848–1916 | Franz Joseph I of Austria | Habsburg-Lorraine |
| 1916–1918 | Charles I of Austria | Habsburg-Lorraine |